POTENTIAL OF SAPPAN WOOD ETHANOL EXTRACTS FOR CARDIOPROTECTION IN AN ESBL ESCHERICHIA COLI -INFECTED MICE MODEL

Abstract

Background: One of the top causes of death in the world is still cardiovascular disease. Increased oxidative stress and immune system dysregulation are two pathways that contribute to its development. Blood vessel inflammation may be made worse by an imbalance between the body's ability to produce free radicals and its antioxidant capacity.  Object: The purpose of this work is to clarify how sappan wood ethanol extract (SWEE) protects mice against oxidative stress and immunological responses, which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease caused by Escherichia coli ESBL. Method: Five groups (K−, K+, K1, K2, K3) were created from a total of forty-five male Swiss Webster mice. For ten days, the K− group received sterile distilled water, K+ received standard brazilin, and K1, K2, and K3 received SWEE at doses of 280 ppm, 560 ppm, and 840 ppm, respectively. On day 11, Escherichia coli  ESBL (1.5×10³ cfu/mL) was injected intraperitoneally into all groups except K−. On days 12 and 14, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels were assessed. Result: SWEE administration reduced IFN-γ levels by 78.1% and increased SOD activity by 64.3% compared to the negative control group. Conclusion: SWEE exhibited dual effects, namely as an immunosuppressive agent by reducing IFN-γ levels and as an immunostimulant by increasing SOD activity.